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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to assist with the In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to assist with the conception of a child. Here are the 5 Steps of IVF which are typical steps involved in an IVF cycle:

• The woman takes fertility medications to stimulate her ovaries to produce multiple eggs. This phase of ovulation induction involves regular monitoring through blood tests and ultrasounds to track the development of the follicles (egg-containing structures) in the ovaries.

• Once the follicles are mature, a minor surgical procedure called follicular aspiration is performed to retrieve the eggs. This is done under sedation and involves using a thin needle to extract the eggs from the ovaries. 

Click here to know more about - How many eggs should you get per retrieval for good outcome. 

• A sperm sample is collected from the male partner or a sperm donor. The sperm is then prepared in the laboratory to select the healthiest and most active sperm.

• The retrieved eggs and prepared sperm are combined in a laboratory dish to facilitate fertilization. This can be done through conventional insemination (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is directly injected into an egg.  
• The fertilized eggs (now embryos) are cultured in the laboratory for several days (usually 3-5 days). The embryos are monitored for development and quality. 

Click here to know more about - Factors Influencing Embryo Quality in IVF 

• One or more healthy embryos are selected and transferred into the woman’s uterus. This embryo transfer procedure is typically painless and performed using a thin catheter. 

These are 5 major steps in IVF - ICSI procedure. It is followed by Luteal phase support and pregnancy test after 2 weeks. 

• In Luteal Phase Support - Hormonal medications, such as progesterone, are often given to support the development of uterine lining to optimal thickness. It enhance the overall chances of embryo implantation.

• About two weeks after the embryo transfer, a blood test is conducted to determine if the procedure was successful and the woman is pregnant.

• If the pregnancy test is positive, follow-up ultrasounds and blood tests are conducted to monitor the early pregnancy. If it is negative, the couple may discuss future options with their fertility specialist, which could include another IVF cycle. 

Click here to know more about - Recognising early pregnancy symptoms after IVF Treatment 

Each step in the IVF cycle is critical, and the process requires close coordination between the patient and the medical team to optimize the chances of IVF success.